10 National Parks in Costa Rica: The Best Places to See Wildlife
Costa Rica is one of the best places to see wildlife | Photo by Luis Diego Aguilar
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If you are looking for a country to see Wildlife, Costa Rica is the coice. Despite its small size, the country has earned a reputation for its immense biodiversity, often called the “jewel of Central America.” Despite covering only 0.03% of the Earth’s surface, Costa Rica is home to nearly 6% of the world’s total biodiversity—a proof to its rich variety of ecosystems. From dense rainforests teeming with life to serene cloud forests perched high in the mountains, and from sprawling wetlands to vibrant coastal reefs, the country is a treasure trove of wildlife experiences. And what;s even better, Costa Rica’s commitment to conservation of protecting over 25% of its land as Costa Rica national parks and reserves, makes it an ideal destination for spotting animals in their natural habitats. If you are looking for colorful toucans, elusive jaguars, or playful dolphins, Costa Rica’s ecosystems offer countless moments of wonder for wildlife lovers.
Here you will find the top destinations to see animals in Costa Rica, the best times to visit, and recommendations of wildlife experiences for each destination.
Introduction to Costa Rica’s Wildlife
Costa Rica’s Biodiversity Hotspot
Costa Rica is considered a biodiversity hotspot, with a higher proportion of its land mass protected as national parks and wildlife reserves than any other country. The country’s unique geography, with its combination of tropical rainforests, coral reefs, and volcanic landscapes, creates a rich tapestry of ecosystems that support an incredible array of plant and animal life. From the cloud forests of Monteverde to the marine habitats of Ballena Marine National Park, Costa Rica’s national parks offer a glimpse into the incredible diversity of life on our planet.
Why Choose Costa Rica for Wildlife Photography?
Costa Rica's ecological richness stems from its diverse landscapes, ranging from lowland rainforests to high-altitude cloud forests and coastal mangroves. The country boasts an impressive array of wildlife, including:
Over 850 species of birds, such as resplendent quetzals and scarlet macaws.
Iconic mammals like jaguars, sloths, and monkeys.
Exotic reptiles and amphibians, including green iguanas and red-eyed tree frogs.
Costa Rica’s commitment to conservation makes it a dream destination for eco-tourists and photographers. Nearly 26% of the country is protected through national parks, reserves, and wildlife refuges, ensuring that your encounters with nature remain authentic and unspoiled.
Top Locations for Wildlife Photography Tours in Costa Rica
1. Corcovado National Park
Corcovado National Park, located on the Osa Peninsula, is one of Costa Rica’s most biologically intense regions. Braulio Carrillo National Park, in contrast, faces environmental challenges such as a stream polluted by volcanic sulfur. This vast rainforest is home to tapirs, scarlet macaws, howler monkeys, and the elusive jaguar. The park’s pristine environment also hosts anteaters, pumas, and colorful frogs, making it a dream destination for photographers and nature lovers alike. Its extensive trail system offers both coastal and forest habitats, providing endless opportunities for wildlife encounters amidst dense foliage.
Best Time to Visit: December to April for dry weather and accessible trails.
A Trogon on Corcovado National Park, Provinz Puntarenas, Costa Rica | Bernd Dittrich, 2024
Wildlife Experiences at Corcovado National Park
2. Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve
Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve is a mystical ecosystem shrouded in mist, offering an ethereal backdrop for wildlife spotting. Los Quetzales National Park is another significant location in the ecotourism landscape, particularly known for observing quetzals. Known for its vibrant bird population, including the resplendent quetzal and bellbirds, Monteverde is a haven for birdwatchers. Its dense canopy is also home to tree frogs, agoutis, and hundreds of orchid species. As one of Costa Rica’s most unique ecosystems, the reserve is a must-visit for its rare flora and fauna.
Best Time to Visit: December to April for clear skies and better visibility.
Baltimore Oriole in Monteverde cloud forest in Costa Rica. | Aleksandar Popovski, 2023
Experience Wildlife in Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve
3. Tortuguero National Park
Often called the “Amazon of Costa Rica,” Tortuguero National Park is a labyrinth of canals and wetlands teeming with life. Marino Ballena National Park, located on the South Pacific Coast of Costa Rica, is significant for protecting vital marine life, including migrating humpback whales, and offers excellent snorkeling opportunities. From manatees and crocodiles to spider monkeys and vibrant herons, this park is rich in biodiversity. Turtle nesting season (July to October) is a highlight, drawing visitors eager to witness sea turtles laying eggs under the moonlight. The park’s tranquil waterways provide a unique setting for spotting aquatic wildlife and exotic birds.
Best Time to Visit: July to October for turtle nesting; February to April for quieter exploration.
Northern Jacana at Tortuguero National Park, Costa Rica | Ray Harrington, 2021
Experience Wildlife at Tortuguero National Park
4. Manuel Antonio National Park
Manuel Antonio National Park combines white-sand beaches and lush forests, creating a biodiverse haven where sloths, capuchin monkeys, and iguanas are commonly spotted. Nearby, Carara National Park is renowned for its rich biodiversity, particularly its famed scarlet macaw population, and is easily accessible for travelers. The park’s trails wind through mangroves and forested areas, offering close encounters with vibrant butterflies and colorful crabs. Its coastal location also makes it a fantastic spot for whale watching and snorkeling, providing an all-encompassing wildlife experience.
Best Time to Visit: December to April for dry weather and active wildlife.
Panamanian White-faced Capuchin at Manuel Antonio National Park, Costa Rica | Simon Hurry, 2021
Experience Wildlife at Manuel Antonio National Park
5. La Selva Biological Station
La Selva Biological Station, a hub for ecological research, is a treasure trove for nature enthusiasts. Situated near Puerto Viejo de Sarapiquí, this reserve hosts howler monkeys, toucans, and a variety of reptiles. Its network of trails winds through primary and secondary rainforests, making it an exceptional destination for spotting frogs, insects, and vibrant plants. Visitors often leave with a deeper understanding of Costa Rica’s unique biodiversity.
Best Time to Visit: December to April for drier trails and easier navigation.
An Owl butterfly (genus Caligo) in Costa Rica's La Selva Biological Station | Alexander Shenkin, 2023
6. Arenal Volcano National Park
Arenal Volcano National Park is a striking blend of rugged volcanic terrain and lush rainforests. Irazu Volcano National Park, the highest active volcano in Costa Rica, features key attractions such as the Crater Principal and Diego de la Haya Crater. Wildlife here includes coatis, white-faced monkeys, and exotic bird species like toucans and parrots. The volcanic landscape creates a unique environment where hikers can witness both geothermal activity and thriving wildlife. The surrounding hot springs also offer a relaxing end to a day of exploration.
Best Time to Visit: February to April for clear views of the volcano and wildlife activity.
Banana viper at Arenal Volcano National Park, San Carlos, Costa Rica | Baptiste Légal, 2023
Experience Wildlife at Arenal Volcano National Park
7. Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge
Located on Costa Rica’s Caribbean coast, Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge is a lesser-known gem with incredible biodiversity. The refuge is home to dolphins, sloths, and caimans, as well as endangered manatees. Its mangroves and coral reefs make it an excellent destination for snorkeling and wildlife spotting. The vibrant Caribbean culture adds to the charm of this off-the-beaten-path location.
Best Time to Visit: March to May for calm waters and active wildlife.
Golden silk spider at Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge | Geoffrey Baumbach, 2021
Experience Wildlife at Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge
8. Palo Verde National Park
Palo Verde National Park, a wetland paradise, attracts birdwatchers and photographers eager to capture scarlet macaws, herons, and jabirus. The park’s seasonal lagoons and marshes are also home to crocodiles, iguanas, and capuchin monkeys. Its dry forest ecosystem makes it a unique location to experience wildlife in an arid yet vibrant setting.
Best Time to Visit: January to March during the dry season when animals congregate around water sources.
Alligator at Palo Verde National Park | Getty Images
Experience Wildlife at Palo Verde National Park
9. Tenorio Volcano National Park
Tenorio Volcano National Park is renowned for its Rio Celeste, a turquoise river that looks almost surreal. Poás Volcano National Park is another significant location known for its volcanic activity, including its main crater. The park’s rainforest is home to tapirs, sloths, and poison dart frogs, along with stunning waterfalls and thermal springs. The vibrant colors of the river, combined with the lush surroundings, make this park a photographer’s paradise.
Best Time to Visit: February to April for clear skies and accessible trails.
Celeste River at Tenorio Volcano National Park | Getty Images
Experience Wildlife at Tenorio Volcano National Park
10. Cahuita National Park
Cahuita National Park is a Caribbean treasure with a perfect mix of coral reefs and tropical forests. Visitors can snorkel to see vibrant marine life like angelfish and sea turtles or explore the trails to spot monkeys, raccoons, and toucans. Its laid-back atmosphere and rich biodiversity make Cahuita a favorite among travelers seeking both relaxation and adventure.
Best Time to Visit: February to April for sunny weather and calm seas.
Great Blue Heron at Cahuita National Park, Limón Province, Cahuita, Costa Rica | S N Pattenden, 2024
Experience Wildlife at Cahuita National Park
Regional Wildlife Hotspots
Guanacaste Region
The Guanacaste region in northwestern Costa Rica is home to a number of national parks and wildlife reserves, including Santa Rosa National Park, Palo Verde National Park, and Rincón de la Vieja National Park. This region is known for its dry forests, which support a unique array of wildlife, including monkeys, sloths, and toucans. The region is also home to a number of volcanic landscapes, including the Rincón de la Vieja volcano, which offers stunning views and opportunities for hiking and wildlife viewing.
Tips for Wildlife Viewing in Costa Rica
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Costa Rica for wildlife viewing depends on the region and the species you want to see. In general, the dry season (December to April) is the best time to see wildlife, as the dry conditions make it easier to spot animals. However, the green season (May to November) can be a great time to see certain species, such as sea turtles and whales, which migrate to Costa Rica’s coastlines during this time. It’s also worth noting that some national parks, such as Corcovado National Park, are best visited during the dry season, while others, such as Tortuguero National Park, are best visited during the green season.
Some popular national parks in Costa Rica for wildlife viewing include:
Arenal Volcano National Park: Known for its stunning views of the Arenal volcano and its surrounding rainforest, which is home to a variety of wildlife, including monkeys, sloths, and toucans.
Manuel Antonio National Park: One of the most popular national parks in Costa Rica, Manuel Antonio is known for its stunning beaches, rainforests, and wildlife, including monkeys, sloths, and toucans.
Corcovado National Park: Located on the Osa Peninsula, Corcovado is considered one of the most biodiverse places on the planet, with a wide array of wildlife, including monkeys, sloths, and toucans.
Tenorio Volcano National Park: Home to the stunning Rio Celeste, Tenorio Volcano National Park is a must-visit for nature lovers, with its unique landscapes and wildlife, including monkeys, sloths, and toucans.
Tortuguero National Park: Located on the Caribbean coast, Tortuguero is a must-visit for wildlife enthusiasts, with its stunning beaches, rainforests, and wildlife, including sea turtles, monkeys, and sloths.
Overall, Costa Rica’s national parks offer a unique opportunity to experience the incredible biodiversity of this Central American country. With its stunning landscapes, unique wildlife, and commitment to conservation, Costa Rica is a must-visit destination for nature lovers and wildlife enthusiasts
Costa Rica’s rich ecosystems are a vital part of the planet’s biodiversity. Its unmatched biodiversity and breathtaking landscapes make it one of the world’s top destinations for wildlife spotting. By visiting responsibly, you not only witness the wonders of nature but also contribute to the preservation of these habitats. Supporting eco-friendly tours and local conservation initiatives ensures these wildlife experiences remain available for future generations.
