Birds of Costa Rica: A Birdwatcher’s Paradise
Hey birders! If you’ve ever dreamed of a place where the skies burst with color and song, let’s chat about the birds of Costa Rica, a birdwatcher’s dream destination for bird watching. With just 0.03% of the world’s landmass, this small but mighty country is home to nearly 10% of the planet’s bird species. Over 900 species of birds have been recorded here, making it one of the most biodiverse places for avian enthusiasts. From the vibrant resplendent quetzal to the charming clay-colored thrush—Costa Rica’s national bird—this country is a must-visit for anyone fascinated by feathered wonders.
Whether you’re an avid birder or just starting, this guide will introduce you to the most remarkable birds of Costa Rica, where to find them, and why they play a crucial role in the country’s ecosystem.
Tropical Royal Flycatcher | Photo by Ivan Rojas
Why Are Birds of Costa Rica So Incredible?
Costa Rica’s a birding paradise for a reason, despite its size (it’s tiny, around 0.03% of Earth’s land), it hosts 5% of the world’s biodiversity. Straddling two coasts and a spine of volcanoes, it’s a crossroads for species from North and South America, plus a haven for endemics. Add 25% of its land under protection, and you’ve got a recipe for how many species of birds in Costa Rica thriving like nowhere else.
How Many Species of Birds Are in Costa Rica?
Costa Rica boasts an astounding 900+ species of birds, making it one of the most bird-rich countries in the world. The country’s diverse landscapes, from cloud forests to mangroves, provide a variety of habitats that attract both resident and migratory birds. The diversity of bird families and species in Central and South America further highlights the ecological richness of this region.
Birds in Costa Rica can be categorized into different groups, including:
Endemic species – Found only in Costa Rica or nearby regions, such as the Mangrove Hummingbird.
Migratory birds – Species that travel thousands of miles to spend part of the year here, like the Baltimore Oriole.
Rainforest dwellers – Birds adapted to lush jungles, like the toucan and trogon families.
Wetland species – Birds that thrive in marshy areas, such as the Jabiru stork.
Bird of Costa Rica | Wildlife Nomads
What Is the National Bird of Costa Rica?
Costa Rica’s national bird is the clay-colored thrush (Turdus grayi), known locally as Yigüirro. While not as flashy as a toucan or quetzal, the clay-colored thrush holds deep cultural significance. Its melodious song signals the start of the rainy season, a vital time for agriculture and ecosystems.
Unlike some rare or hard-to-spot birds, Yigüirro is a common sight in gardens, coffee plantations, and forests, making it a symbol of resilience and connection to the land.
The National Bird of Costa Rica: the clay-colored thrush | Getty Images
What Is the Most Beautiful Bird in Costa Rica?
Beauty is subjective, but many birdwatchers agree that Costa Rica's resplendent quetzal (Pharomachrus mocinno) is the crown jewel of the country's birdlife. With its iridescent green plumage, crimson chest, and long, flowing tail feathers, this bird looks like something out of a fairytale.
The resplendent quetzal was sacred to the ancient Maya and Aztecs and is still revered today. It thrives in cloud forests, particularly in places like Monteverde and Los Quetzales National Park.
What Is the Largest Bird in Costa Rica?
The Jabiru stork (Jabiru mycteria) holds the title of Costa Rica’s largest bird. Standing at nearly 5 feet tall with a 9-foot wingspan, it’s an imposing sight. Bird watching tours are essential for spotting rare birds like the Jabiru stork, especially in varied habitats such as tropical forests and dry forests rich in fruiting trees. This massive wetland bird is primarily found in the Palo Verde National Park and Caño Negro Wildlife Refuge.
While Jabirus are rare due to habitat destruction, conservation efforts have helped stabilize their populations. Seeing one in the wild is a rare and rewarding experience for bird enthusiasts.
So, What Birds Can You See?
1. Resplendent Quetzal
This bird’s a living jewel, iridescent green, red belly, and a tail that flows like a royal train. You’ll find it in cloud forests like Monteverde and Braulio Carrillo, munching figs at dawn. It’s not endangered but needs old trees for nesting, deforestation’s a buzzkill. Fun fact: Mayan royalty rocked quetzal feathers.
A Resplendent Quetzal | Photo by Carole Palmer
2. Scarlet Macaw
Neon red and loud as heck, scarlet macaws light up the Pacific coast—think Carara and Corcovado. They’re rebounding from habitat loss, with 1,000+ now, but illegal pet trade still stings. They mate for life—spot pairs squawking in almond trees!
Scarlet Macaws | Photo by Michel Viard
3. Three-wattled Bellbird
That “bonk” call, like a hammer on metal, is Monteverde’s soundtrack from March to June. Males flaunt three wacky wattles; they’re vulnerable due to forest clearing. They migrate to lowlands post-breeding—track ‘em down!
A Three-wattled Bellbird Photo by Neil Bowman
4. Keel-billed Toucan
Rainbow beak, green, red, blue, this toucan’s a canopy clown in La Selva and Tortuguero. Not threatened, but logging nibbles their turf. They toss fruit like pros, dispersing seeds, jungle MVPs.
Keel-billed Toucan | Getty Images
5. Great Green Macaw
A rare emerald giant, this macaw’s down to 300 pairs, mostly in Tortuguero and Sarapiquí. Deforestation’s the culprit, almond trees are their lifeline. Conservation’s boosting numbers—spot one and cheer!
Green Macaw | Getty Images
6. Violet Sabrewing
This hummingbird’s a purple stunner zipping through Monteverde and Arenal at 60 mph. With 54 hummingbird species in Costa Rica, it’s a common dazzler, not threatened, just busy pollinating. Hummingbird gardens are their VIP lounge, bring a camera!
Violet Sabrewing | Getty Images
7. Turquoise-browed Motmot
With a tail like a pendulum and turquoise crown, this motmot’s a Carara and Guanacaste regular. They’re stable but love dry forests, fires can cramp their style. They dig burrows to nest, watch ‘em perch and wag that tail!
Turquoise-browed Motmot | Getty Images
8. Harpy Eagle
A forest phantom, this raptor’s a Corcovado rarity, fewer than 50 pairs here. Massive talons snag monkeys; habitat loss threatens their reign. Seeing one’s a unicorn moment, bring binocs and prayers!
Harpy Eagle | Photo by Chepe Nicoli
9. Orange-collared Manakin
Tiny and fiery, this manakin moonwalks in Carara and Osa leks to woo mates, pure bird theater! They’re widespread and stable, thriving in secondary forests. Catch their dance party, small but mighty showstoppers.
Orange-collared Manakin | Photo by Neil Bowman
10. Agami Heron
A secretive stunner with slate-blue plumes, this heron haunts Tortuguero’s canals. It’s vulnerable, wetland drainage shrinks its world. Spot it stalking fish, quietly epic!
Agami Heron | Getty Images
Other Birds You Could See:
Hummingbirds: Costa Rica’s Tiny Titans
With 54 species, hummingbirds are the glitter of birds of Costa Rica. The violet sabrewing’s a purple stunner, while the coppery-headed emerald’s a local endemic. They zip at 60 mph, sipping nectar and pollinating, tiny heroes. Monteverde’s hummingbird gardens are a must-see buzz-fest!
Fiery-throated Hummingbird | Photo by Harry Collins
Raptors: Sky Kings of Costa Rica
From harpy eagles to roadside hawks, raptors rule birds of Costa Rica. The ornate hawk-eagle’s a forest phantom—only 50-100 pairs left here. Watch them soar over Corcovado.
Where to See Birds in Costa Rica
Birdwatching in Costa Rica is an adventure like no other, with top destinations offering unparalleled opportunities to spot both common and rare species.
1. Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve
Home to the legendary resplendent quetzal, Monteverde is a premier birdwatching destination. Bird watching tours are available in the Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve, offering guided experiences to spot rare birds in their natural habitats. The cool misty forests are alive with the calls of bellbirds, motmots, and emerald toucanets. Visit at dawn for the best chance to see quetzals and bellbirds when they are most active.
Monteverde Cloud Forest | Photo by Patrick Gijsbers
2. Corcovado National Park
Known as the most biodiverse place on Earth, Corcovado offers the chance to see scarlet macaws, king vultures, and harpy eagles. Bird watching tours are available in Corcovado National Park, enhancing the experience by helping visitors spot rare birds during the peak observing season. This remote wilderness is best explored with a guide. Try to take a guided tour to Sirena Station, where harpy eagles are occasionally spotted.
Corcovado National Park | Getty Images
3. La Selva Biological Station
This is one of the best places for night birding, bring a flashlight to spot owls and nightjars. A research station turned birdwatching hotspot, it has one of the highest bird densities in Costa Rica. ThLa Selva is teeming with tanagers, trogons, and woodpeckers. Over 400 species have been recorded here! The Best if you want to see Great green macaws, tinamous, antbirds
Great Trogon in Costa Rica | Getty Images
4. Carara National Park
Located near the Pacific coast, Carara is one of the few places where the dry and wet forests meet, creating a unique mix of bird species. It’s one of the best places to see scarlet macaws in the wild, as they nest in the park’s primary forests. Walk the trails near the Tarcoles River for a chance to spot boat-billed herons and jacanas in the wetlands. The park’s blend of wet and dry forest attracts a variety of bird species.
Northern Jacana in Costa Rica | Photo by Nail ZChap
5. Tortuguero National Park
Best known for its turtles, Tortuguero’s waterways are also home to herons, toucans, and jacanas. A boat tour is the best way to explore this bird-rich paradise.
Scarlet Macaw at Tortuguero | Photo by Artush
6. Palo Verde National Park 🦩
If you love wading birds, Palo Verde’s wetlands are unbeatable. It’s one of the best spots for jabiru storks, one of the largest flying birds in the Americas. Best for: Waterbirds, jabiru storks, roseate spoonbills Visit between December and April when water levels drop, and birds gather in huge numbers.
Jabiru Storks | Photo by Dicky Singh
Best Time for Birdwatching in Costa Rica
Costa Rica is a birdwatcher’s dream come true, offering year-round opportunities to spot its incredible avian diversity. However, the best time for birdwatching in Costa Rica can depend on what you’re hoping to see and your personal preferences.
The dry season, which runs from December to April, is often considered the peak time for birdwatching. During these months, the weather is typically dry and sunny, making it easier to explore various habitats and spot birds. This period also coincides with the arrival of many migratory birds from North America, adding to the diversity of bird species you can encounter.
On the other hand, the rainy season, from May to November, has its own unique advantages. The lush, green landscapes come alive, and many resident bird species become more active. This is an excellent time to spot the resplendent quetzal, one of Costa Rica’s most iconic birds, as they are more easily seen during the rainy season. The rain can also bring out the vibrant colors of the birds, making for stunning photography opportunities.
Whether you choose the dry or rainy season, Costa Rica’s birding opportunities are unparalleled, offering something special no matter when you visit.
Planning a Birdwatching Tour in Costa Rica
Planning a birdwatching tour in Costa Rica can be an exciting yet daunting task. With a bit of research and preparation, you can create an unforgettable birding adventure. Here are some tips to help you get started:
Determine Your Goals: Think about what bird species you want to see and the types of habitats you are interested in exploring. Are you looking to spot the resplendent quetzal in the Monteverde Cloud Forest, or are you more interested in the vibrant scarlet macaws of Corcovado National Park?
Choose Your Destinations: Costa Rica is home to numerous birding hotspots. Some of the must-visit locations include Monteverde Cloud Forest, known for its highland species; Corcovado National Park, famous for its incredible biodiversity; and Carara National Park, a prime spot for seeing scarlet macaws.
Select Your Guides: Hiring a local guide can significantly enhance your birding experience. Look for guides who are knowledgeable and experienced, as they can help you spot elusive species and provide valuable insights into the local ecosystem.
Plan Your Itinerary: Create a flexible daily schedule that allows for downtime and spontaneous birding opportunities. Remember, the best birdwatching often happens early in the morning, so plan to start your days early.
Book Your Accommodations: Choose lodges or hotels that are located near birding hotspots and offer amenities such as bird feeders and trails. Staying close to nature will maximize your birdwatching opportunities.
By following these tips, you can ensure a well-planned and rewarding birdwatching tour in Costa Rica.
Unique Birding Experiences in Costa Rica
Costa Rica offers a plethora of unique birding experiences that can make your trip truly unforgettable. Here are a few highlights:
Birding in the Monteverde Cloud Forest: This mystical forest is home to many endemic species, including the resplendent quetzal. The cool, misty environment creates a magical setting for birdwatching, with the chance to see bellbirds, motmots, and emerald toucanets.
Scarlet Macaw Spotting in Corcovado National Park: Corcovado is one of the best places to see the iconic scarlet macaw. These vibrant birds are a sight to behold as they fly in flocks over the lush rainforest canopy.
Keel-Billed Toucan Encounters: The colorful keel-billed toucan, with its rainbow beak, is a common sight in many parts of Costa Rica. Seeing these beautiful birds up close, especially in their natural habitat, is a thrilling experience.
Night Birding Adventures: Costa Rica is home to many nocturnal bird species, including owls and nightjars. Night birding tours offer a unique opportunity to see these elusive creatures and experience the forest’s nightlife.
Birding with Local Communities: Many local communities in Costa Rica offer birding tours and homestays, allowing you to immerse yourself in the local culture while enjoying the rich birdlife. This experience not only supports local economies but also provides a deeper connection to the land and its avian inhabitants.
These unique birding experiences highlight the incredible diversity and beauty of Costa Rica’s bird species, making your trip truly special.
Birding with Local Guides
Birding with local guides can elevate your birdwatching experience in Costa Rica to new heights. Local guides possess an intimate knowledge of the region’s bird species, habitats, and behaviors, which can significantly enhance your chances of spotting rare and elusive birds.
Experienced guides can take you to secret spots known only to locals, where you might encounter species that are difficult to find on your own. They can also provide fascinating insights into the local culture, history, and conservation efforts, making your birding adventure more enriching and meaningful.
When choosing a local guide, look for someone who is certified by reputable organizations such as the Costa Rican Tourism Board or the International Ecotourism Society. Certified guides are trained to provide high-quality, ethical birding experiences that respect both the wildlife and the environment.
By birding with local guides, you not only gain expert knowledge and a better birdwatching experience but also support local communities and conservation efforts. It’s a win-win for both birdwatchers and the beautiful birds of Costa Rica.
Best Bird ID Apps for Costa Rica
Want to identify birds on the go? Here are the top birding apps for Costa Rica:
Merlin Bird ID (Cornell Lab of Ornithology) – Great for sound and photo recognition.
eBird – Perfect for tracking sightings and finding bird hotspots.
Costa Rica Birds Field Guide – A dedicated app with photos and calls of Costa Rica’s birds.
Conservation Efforts for Birds of Costa Rica
Costa Rica has long been a leader in conservation, with over 25% of its land protected in national parks and reserves. However, birds face threats from habitat destruction, climate change, and illegal pet trade.
Organizations like the Costa Rica Bird Observatory, Rainforest Alliance, and Osa Conservation work tirelessly to protect avian biodiversity. You can help by:
Supporting eco-tourism and ethical birding tours.
Donating to conservation organizations.
Avoiding the purchase of birds as pets.
Reducing plastic waste that pollutes habitats.
Tips for Birdwatching in Costa Rica
Want to spot birds of Costa Rica like a pro? Here’s how:
Go Early: Dawn (5-7 AM) is prime—birds sing loudest!
Bring Binoculars: 8x42s catch quetzal details.
Stay Quiet: No startling the national bird of Costa Rica!
Hire Guides: Locals like Costa Rica Birding know secret spots.
Smart birding protects species of birds in Costa Rica!
Final Thoughts: A Paradise for Bird Lovers
With its incredible diversity of species, stunning landscapes, and year-round bird watching opportunities, Costa Rica is truly a paradise for bird lovers. Whether you’re chasing the elusive resplendent quetzal in Monteverde or marveling at scarlet macaws in Carara, there’s always something spectacular to see.
So, grab your binoculars, book a trip, and experience the magic of birds in Costa Rica for yourself. And remember—every birdwatching adventure supports conservation efforts that keep these incredible creatures thriving for generations to come.
Emerald Toucanet | Photo by Enrique Hidalgo
Frequently Asked Questions About Birds in Costa Rica
How many types of birds are there in Costa Rica?
Costa Rica is home to over 900 species of birds.
What is the national bird of Costa Rica?
The national bird is the clay-colored thrush, known locally as the yigüirro.
What is the most beautiful bird in Costa Rica?
The resplendent quetzal and scarlet macaw are often considered the most beautiful.
What is the largest bird in Costa Rica?
The jabiru stork is the largest bird, with a wingspan of up to 9 feet.
Birding and Birdwatching Tours in Costa Rica
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